The change in one-hour postload plasma glucose levels, and an analysis of its related factors in abdominally obese Han Chinese men with normal glucose tolerance.

OBJECTIVE: This study was to observe the difference in one-hour postload plasma glucose levels and analyze its related factors in abdominally obese men with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). DESIGN: This case-control study included 36 abdominally obese men (waist circumference ≥90 cm) and 31 non-abdominally obese men (waist circumference <90 cm) aged 20-50 years with NGT. Cases and controls were matched in age. All subjects underwent oral glucose tolerance test with 75 g of oral anhydrous glucose. RESULTS: 0.5 and 1-h postload plasma glucose levels were higher in abdominally obese group than in non-abdominally obese group (P<.05). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 and 3-h postload plasma glucose were similar in the two groups (P>.05). 1-h postload plasma glucose was positively correlated with body mass index (r=0.454), waist circumference (WC) (r=0.519), systolic blood pressure (r=0.456), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.338), triglycerides (r=0.439), and negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=-0.391), 1/fasting insulin (r=-0.459), insulinogenic index (r=-0.357) and disposition index (r=-0.602) (P<.01). In multiple regression analysis, 1-h postload plasma glucose maintained an independent association with disposition index (ß=-1.367, P=.000), WC (ß=0.103, P=.000) and triglycerides (ß=0.185, P=.017). CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that the level of one-hour postload plasma glucose was elevated in abdominally obese men with NGT. Besides FPG and 2-h postload plasma glucose, we must also pay attention to the measurement of one-hour postload plasma glucose. Disposition index, WC and triglycerides were independently related factors for elevated one-hour postload plasma glucose.

Value of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry derived parameters vs anthropometric obesity indices in the assessment of early atherosclerosis in abdominally obese men.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) derived parameters vs anthropometric obesity indices in the assessment of early atherosclerosis in abdominally obese men. METHODS: This case-control study included 44 abdominally obese men (waist circumference ≥ 90 cm) and 30 non-abdominally obese men (waist circumference < 90 cm) who were between 20 and 50 years of age. All subjects were of the Han ethnicity. The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was used as a surrogate marker of early atherosclerosis. In the first multiple linear regression model, body fat distribution was assessed by anthropometric obesity indices, while in the second one it was quantified by DEXA-derived parameters. RESULTS: CIMT (0.74 ± 0.11 vs 0.67 ± 0.04 mm) were significantly higher in the abdominally obese men than in the non-abdominally obese men (P < 0.01). CIMT was positively correlated with anthropometric obesity indices (r: 0.352-0.488, P < 0.01) and the indices from DEXA(r: 0.244-0.482, P < 0.05). The correlation coefficients of anthropometric obesity indices and the indices from DEXA were highest for waist to height ratio and trunk fat mass, respectively. In model 1, 23.8% of the total variance of CIMT was due to waist to height ratio. In model 2, trunk fat mass explained 23.2% of the total variance of CIMT. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates the importance of characterizing body fat distribution in identifying early atherosclerosis. Body fat distribution evaluated by dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry was associated with CIMT, but was not superior to anthropometric measurements.

Glycemic variability in abdominally obese men with normal glucose tolerance as assessed by continuous glucose monitoring system.

The purpose of this study was to observe both the glycemic variability in abdominally obese men with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and the relationship between glycemic variability and early atherosclerosis. This case-control study included 23 abdominally obese men (waist circumference (WC) ≥90 cm) and 23 nonabdominally obese men (WC <90 cm) with NGT who were between 20 and 50 years of age. All subjects were of the Han ethnicity. The cases and controls were age-matched. A continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) was used in this study. With the CGMS, the standard deviation of blood glucose (SDBG) and the mean amplitude of glucose excursion (MAGE) were calculated to estimate glycemic variability. The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was used as a surrogate marker of early atherosclerosis. Mean blood glucose (MBG) (6.13 ± 0.94 vs. 5.55 ± 0.87 mmol/l), SDBG (0.89 ± 0.34 vs. 0.64 ± 0.24 mmol/l), MAGE (2.05 ± 0.83 vs. 1.57 ± 0.52 mmol/l), and CIMT (0.73 ± 0.12 vs. 0.67 ± 0.05 mm) were significantly higher in the abdominally obese men than in the nonabdominally obese men (P < 0.05). WC positively correlated with MBG (r = 0.302, P = 0.041), SDBG (r = 0.362, P = 0.013), MAGE (r = 0.302, P = 0.041), and CIMT (r = 0.487, P = 0.001). CIMT did not correlate with MBG (r = 0.206, P = 0.169), SDBG (r = 0.114, P = 0.450), and MAGE (r = 0.085, P = 0.574). After multivariate analysis, WC was still significantly associated with MBG (ß = 0.025, P = 0.041), SDBG (ß = 0.010, P = 0.013), MAGE (ß = 0.019, P = 0.042), and CIMT (ß = 0.008, P = 0.022). This study demonstrates that glycemic variability is increased in abdominally obese men with NGT. A relationship between glycemic variability and atherosclerosis was not observed in this study and requires further investigation.

Prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and analysis of risk factors in Han adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and its relationship with cardiovascular risk factors in Han adolescents aged 13 to 18 years. METHODS: Step 1: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3937 Han adolescents. IFG was defined as a fasting glucose of 5.6 to 7.0 mmol/l. Measurements included anthropometric measurements, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and serum lipids. Step 2: We identified 60 adolescents with IFG from the IFG group using a random number table, and 60 adolescents with normal fasting glucose (NFG) were matched for age and gender with the random IFG sample. Serum true insulin (TI) was further measured. RESULTS: (1) The prevalence of IFG was 3.5% and was similar in boys and girls (3.9% vs. 3.1%, P=.177). The prevalence of IFG in adolescents with a family history of type 2 diabetes (FHD) was higher than in adolescents without FHD (6.3% vs. 2.5%, P=.000). (2) In logistic regression, the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents with IFG was 1.889 (95% CI: 1.125-3.171, P=.016) times compared with adolescents with NFG adjusted by age and gender. (3) Multiple linear regression analysis using FPG as the dependent variable showed that waist circumference (beta=0.003, P=.000) was a significant independent predictor. (4) In Step 2, the IFG group showed significantly higher levels of lnTI and lnHOMA-IR than the NFG group (P<.01). FPG was a significant independent predictor for lnTI (beta=0.478, P=.000) and lnHOMA-IR (beta=0.671, P=.000). CONCLUSION: We found a high prevalence of IFG in Han adolescents. Genetic susceptibility and abdominal obesity were the main factors causing adolescent IFG. Adolescents with IFG increased the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors.

[The best waist circumference cut-point for identifying cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents: a preliminary study].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the best waist circumference (WC) cut-point for identifying cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents. METHODS: Human basic parameters were measured among 3986 adolescents aged 14 - 18 in Qinhuangdao. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was employed to determine the optimal WC cut-point for detecting cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors significantly increased after the WC was >or= 80th percentiles (77.0 - 79.0 cm for the boys and 70.0 - 72.5 cm for the girls). The age standardization detection rate was 24.9% in boys and 9.9% in girls. ROC analysis showed that the optimal WC cut-point was 80th percentiles, with the sensitivity of 84.3% and specificity of 85.9% in boys, and with sensitivity of 90.7% and specificity of 83.2% in girls. CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation between WC and cardiovascular risk factors. The optimal WC cut-point for predicting the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors is the 80th percentile.

[Study of HPLC-DAD fingerprint on complex traditional Chinese medicine proprietary preparation-Baoji pills].

OBJECTIVE: Based on 'Back-tracking' method, identification and quality evaluation of complex traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation of Baoji pills (BJP) were carried out by HPLC fingerprint analysis. METHOD: HPLC-DAD fingerprint of BJP was conducted with Zorbax SB-C18 column and non-linear elution with the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.5% glacial acetic acid at column temperature 30 degrees C and detective wavelengths of 250 nm and 283 nm. From the established chromatographic pattern of BJP, track backward to the corresponding crude herbal drugs in the formula, attribution ofmost peaks in the BJP fingerprint can be disclosed. RESULT: The BJP HPLC fingerprint consisted of 44 peaks among which 35 peaks were assigned by parallel comparison with the fingerprint of the 10 corresponding crude drugs in the formula such as pueraria, pummelo peel, and magnolia bark, etc. and 22 peaks we reidentified by comparison with the chemical reference substances. CONCLUSION: The established HPLC fingerprint represents the whole character of BJP, which enhanced the specialty for control and assessment of the product quality. It exemplified much more effective for quality control than selecting any marker for qualitative or quantitative testing target. And the Back-tracking' experimental method extended the study mentality for complex formula TCM products chromatographic fingerprinting analysis.

[Studies on quality control standard of zhishidaozhi tabloid pills].

OBJECTIVE: To develop the quality control standard of Zhishidaozhi Tabloid Pills. METHOD: Applying TLC to identify Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Scutellariae, and HPLC to determine the content of emodin of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. RESULT: Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, Rhizoma Coptidis and Radix Scutellariae could be indentified by TLC. Emodin showed a good linear relationship at a rang of 0.0612-0.612 microgram, r = 0.9999. The average recovery was 97.9%, and RSD was 2.1%. CONCLUSION: The methods are accurate and quick, and can be used for the quality control of Zhishidaozhi Tabloid Pills.